Self-Defence and the War on Terror Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Self-Defence and the War on Terror - Essay Example Self-defence seems to be the viable option for many states in the use of force. Some states have even managed to justify their actions under self-defence principles, even if their actions did not exactly fulfil the minimum requirements of Article 51. Since self-defence is an exception to Article 2(4), the policy of the courts in interpreting self-defence has mostly been on the adoption of restrictive considerations (Sahmoudi, 2010). An attempt to expand the coverage of self-defence has been considered under anticipatory self-defence, an attack which is carried out before any initial attack by an aggressor state has been launched. However, widespread acceptance of this new concept has been largely. When the collapse of the USSR caused the world to accept the regime of the US as the one remaining superpower, the possibilities for more general claims on the right to use force has been seen. Most of these possibilities have centred on self-defence and the right to defend against an antic ipated attack. ... One of the main issues in this debate has revolved around whether or not a person has to strictly interpret the legal basis of the Charter or whether or not there can be a more lenient or flexible application of the rules in relation to the current changes in the global community (Bring and Fisher, 2004). The settlement of this debate has been based on a positivist approach to international law. This positivist approach points out that international law are standards which must be interpreted as set rules for similar scenarios, and therefore must be respected by all states. Another approach is the realistic approach which mandates international laws as a way of fulfilling goals and securing some values on the other (Sahmoudi, 2010). The positivist approach is supported by those who believe in the need to control expansion and the use of force and selfish interests (Crossley, 2008). The realistic approach theorists base their perceptions on concepts of human dignity; they justify the use of force as a means of confronting an evil power (Crossley, 2008). In the current context, this paper shall now consider the application of self-defence in the face of the present war against terrorism. Its legality and its appropriate applications shall be evaluated in this paper. Decisions of the International Court of Justice, as well as opinions rendered by legal scholars the court shall also be discussed. Body After the September 11, 2001 attacks on the US, the UN Security Council immediately passed a resolution which basically condemned the attack. The Security Council also reiterated its goal of opposing all threats on national and international security initiated by terrorist organizations (Berdal, 2003). It also acknowledged the right of states to

Night Hoops Essay Example for Free

Night Hoops Essay Fellow Word Shakers, When I started reading the book, Night Hoops by Carl Deuker, I was very bored. I felt like I wasn’t relating to the characters and the plot was moving too slowly. I questioned whether I should start a new book; however, I persevered just like Nick, and I am very grateful that I stuck with it. After reading Night Hoops, I have developed a new mindset on how I should pursue my goals no matter what impediments obstruct my ability to reach them. Nick, the protagonist, always dreamt of earning his spot on his high school’s varsity basketball team, but his road to the team was filled with family troubles; being overshadowed by his older brother, Scott; and run-ins with Trent, the local bully. However, Nick persevered through it all and accomplished his goal of making the varsity basketball team. Over the past few years, I have been extremely dedicated to becoming the best golfer I can be. However recently, I have lost my enthusiasm for the game. Because of this, I feel like I can relate to Nick and although he is a fictional character, use him as inspiration to rededicate myself to the game of golf. Aside from my fascination with Nick’s perseverance and dedication, I was intrigued by the friendship that developed between Nick and Trent, the local bully. At first, Trent and Nick didn’t get along. In fact, Trent beat Nick up. However, as Deuker took us through their relationship we saw how they soon became good friends who were connected through the game of basketball. From this, I realized that some of the people best fit for you could be right under your nose, but they put up a facade to support their tough guy image so you don’t get a chance to get to know who they truly are. Another aspect of the book that really captured my attention was how Nick’s father applied pressure on him to succeed in basketball. At first, this pressure really inhibited Nick’s ability to play good basketball. However, as he became used to the pressure and used it as motivation, Nick became the player both he and his dad always wanted him to be. This brings up the dilemma that a lot of parents struggle with today. Should they push their kids to succeed or should they let their kids succeed on their own? There is no right or wrong answer to this question, but I think it is fascinating that Deuker poses this question in a book written for teens. More than just my experience with the different characters, I loved Deuker’s very tangible description of the basketball games: â€Å"He caught it in stride, soared upward in the same fluid motion, and gently laid the ball against the backboard. It dropped through the net just as the horn sounded. A tenth of a second later we were jumping all over him† (167). I felt like I was at the game, sitting on the edge of my seat praying that the ball falls through the net, and jumping into the air screaming in joy when it does. Although I loved his poetic descriptions of the basketball games, I felt like too often he used very basic, simple language. Every book has its flaws, but if you are into basketball, like a story about perseverance, or want to be taken through a great friendship then this book is definitely for you. I hope that you enjoy this book as much as I did. Yours Truly,

Accepting Responsibility for the Behavior Towards Eva Smith :: An Inspector Calls J.B. Priestley Essays

Accepting Responsibility for the Behavior Towards Eva Smith Although each member of the Birling family and Gerald Croft have had contact with Eva Smith/Daisy Renton during the previous two years, none of them is aware of the others ´ involvement in the tragedy until the day of the Inspector's visit. He makes them aware of the part they have played in her tragic end. The characters each react differently to the news and to the degree of responsibility which they should bear, Therefore I think the Inspector Call has caused the character to think about their actions towards Eva Smith. ERIC Eric is a young man, a bit of mess. His behaviour before the Inspector arrives is described as thoughtless, careless and immature. He has no personality, this is evident on page 2 "not quite as ease, half shy, half assertive". Her sister, Sheila, soon describes him as "squiffy" on page 3 which demonstrates he tends to drink a bit too much. But he shows he has a certain respect when he is speaking with his father, this is illustrated on page 4 "not too rudely". Despite his carelessness, after the Inspector arrives, Eric shows involuntary sympathy for Eva Smith when he learn about her death and how Mr Birling had lay her off. This is manifested on page 11 "(involuntarily) My God !"This tells me he is sorrowful for her. When Eric has to admit how he behaved towards Eva Smith/Daisy Renton, he has a stronger sense of guilt, but that does not excuse his behaviour because the consequences are much worse. Although not entirely to blame for her suicide, he must take much of the responsibility because he used her. He was drunk, and confessed that it happened because he was not conscious, but he feels terribly sorry for her, this is clearly showed on page 52 when he is trying to justify himself "well, I was in that state when a chap easily turns nasty" However, he did not rape her; she was offering her services as a prostitute. Also, she could have married him. It was her choice not to. He tried to help her financially but she refused to accept any more stolen money. Maybe Eva/Daisy was too honourable. Nevertheless Eric deeply regret what he did, this is illustrated on page 52 " That's the hellish thing. Oh - my God! - how stupid it all is!" This tells me he wanted to remember exactly what happened, and the fact that he can not, makes him feels angry and more guilty. As a last resort, Eva turns to the Brumley Women's Charity Organisation for help.

Televisions Manipulation of the Facts Essay -- Argumentative Persuasi

Television's Manipulation of the Facts    One of the main activities that American's participate in during their free time is watching the television. Since its invention over sixty years ago, the television has been a source of enjoyment and information for the American citizen (Pember, 1981). Though what one sees on the television is not what one should always believe. Many people look at television with the "camera never lies" attitude, and are easily manipulated by this medium. People are manipulated by television because most television programming is controlled by a small number of companies, this is a main source of information, and people all too often trust what they witness in the media. Because television is controlled by an oligolistic market, the few companies that do control television programming are able to benefit from a great deal of selectivity, and would not put something on a news cast that would harm their business. The media is also able to manipulate people because television is one of the main source s of information in this country; from local news casts, to news related magazines like 20/20 and Dateline. These programs show a very limited view of the facts due to time restraints and company wide bias (Kaufman, 1998). And many people do not question what they witness on news shows, which can be very detrimental the their own knowledge of the facts. These three causes promote a society where the media many times has the upper hand in directing people's decisions, and therefore manipulating society as a whole. In the modern era, with cable and satellite television there is wide array of programming to choose from. A television connected to the latest technology can receive over 200 channels. Many pe... ...dia significantly effects many of the decisions that we make in our lives, and the media has learned to control how American citizens think and behave. There is no wonder that what we see on television is called "programming." Works Cited Bagdikian, B. (1983) The Media Monopoly pp. xv, 4, 187 Kaufman, R. (1998) "Review of Jerry Mander's Four Arguments For The Elimination Of elevision" availible online: http://www.netreach.net/~kaufman/ Mander, J. (1977) Four Arguments For The Elimination Of Television Review by Kaufman, R. availible on line: http://www.netreach.net/~kaufman/ Mann, J. (1982) "What is TV doing to America," Impact of Mass Media pp. 25-27  Ã‚   Pember, D. (1981) Mass Media in America pp. 178, 181 Stevetwt (1998) "Media Watch" availible online: http://www.infoasis.com/www/people/stevetwt/Media/media_watch.html    Television's Manipulation of the Facts Essay -- Argumentative Persuasi Television's Manipulation of the Facts    One of the main activities that American's participate in during their free time is watching the television. Since its invention over sixty years ago, the television has been a source of enjoyment and information for the American citizen (Pember, 1981). Though what one sees on the television is not what one should always believe. Many people look at television with the "camera never lies" attitude, and are easily manipulated by this medium. People are manipulated by television because most television programming is controlled by a small number of companies, this is a main source of information, and people all too often trust what they witness in the media. Because television is controlled by an oligolistic market, the few companies that do control television programming are able to benefit from a great deal of selectivity, and would not put something on a news cast that would harm their business. The media is also able to manipulate people because television is one of the main source s of information in this country; from local news casts, to news related magazines like 20/20 and Dateline. These programs show a very limited view of the facts due to time restraints and company wide bias (Kaufman, 1998). And many people do not question what they witness on news shows, which can be very detrimental the their own knowledge of the facts. These three causes promote a society where the media many times has the upper hand in directing people's decisions, and therefore manipulating society as a whole. In the modern era, with cable and satellite television there is wide array of programming to choose from. A television connected to the latest technology can receive over 200 channels. Many pe... ...dia significantly effects many of the decisions that we make in our lives, and the media has learned to control how American citizens think and behave. There is no wonder that what we see on television is called "programming." Works Cited Bagdikian, B. (1983) The Media Monopoly pp. xv, 4, 187 Kaufman, R. (1998) "Review of Jerry Mander's Four Arguments For The Elimination Of elevision" availible online: http://www.netreach.net/~kaufman/ Mander, J. (1977) Four Arguments For The Elimination Of Television Review by Kaufman, R. availible on line: http://www.netreach.net/~kaufman/ Mann, J. (1982) "What is TV doing to America," Impact of Mass Media pp. 25-27  Ã‚   Pember, D. (1981) Mass Media in America pp. 178, 181 Stevetwt (1998) "Media Watch" availible online: http://www.infoasis.com/www/people/stevetwt/Media/media_watch.html   

ICT Educational Tour Narrative Report Essay

Learning is not only gained in school but also from the exposure outside the school premises, according to the tour committee on its rationale. Through this, they convince us to join the tour, The B.S. Information Technology Educational Tour 2013 in Manila. With the effort of everybody especially the faculty it happened last December 2-5, 2013.The purpose of it is not just for self-satisfaction but for the improvement of one’s mind in terms of learning knowledge, actual experience both in IT and form good camaraderie between fourth and third year students. Furthermore, it let the students to have an actual observation on how the different technological industries operate. Topics Learned As we visited different industries, somehow we learned from them. Like in TOEI Animation and Cutting Edge Productions, they taught us step by step processes on how to make an animation from lay outing to finishing .Although, there’s no multimedia subject in our curriculum but atleast they gave us an idea on how it works. In addition in UP-Diliman, we also benefited in the seminar in Android Apps, using Ubuntu an open source operating system and their students guided us to their different IT laboratories. Ma’am Christy told us the projects of their students focus in security problem to address, enterprise network and some information about AI or the Artificial Intelligence. Though, it is not already reach beyond my knowledge. Then on our third day, I learned from one of our tour how technology works in a factory. Imagine a fully automated and computer controlled manufacturing facility untouched by human hands. Industry Visited Our first destination is the Makati City Traffic Management System which is located at the Makati City Hall. This command control and communication  center was started in 2007.It is composed of 8 big and 48 small monitor screens that is open 24/7.They have installed CCTV’s in different streets and vicinity along Makati. In addition, each camera has a 30 times zooming capacity and can capture objects within 800 through this; they can monitor accidents or the flow of traffic in Makati. We’ve also tour around the Makati City Hall itself including the conference room, Mayor’s Office and session hall etc. After this, we continued to Sir Boy’s Republic for our lunch. Exactly 2:31 pm, we are now in TOEI Animation located in Eastwood.They are behind the famous animes like One Piece, Sailormoon, Digimon and etc†¦ This Company was started in 1986 and a 100% subsidiary Japan Animation and the first 2D animation to use system. After TOEI Animation, our next stop was the Cutting Edge Productions. Just like TOEI, it is also an Animation company. Some of their works are Dayo, shampoo commercials and etc.. We’ve ended our day by eating our dinner at Star City. Eventually, after eating breakfast in Wendy’s, we proceeded to ABS-CBN for studio tour. The acronym stands for Auto Broadcasting Network-Chronicle Broadcasting Network, one of the largest TV stations in the country. Then again eat our lunch at Sir Boy’s Republic. In the afternoon, we attended a seminar in UP-Diliman Campus. After that, we transferred to Engineering Building to make rounds. We had seen their highly modernized library and IT laboratories. On the third day of our tour, we dropped by at Somethin’ Fishy at Eastwood to take or breakfast. Then our instructors let us took a walk. After that, we continued to our next destination. The Gardenia Bakeries Phil which is located in Gardenia Centre, Star Avenue LIPP, Mamplasan Laguna. They gave us free sample of their products then we took our lunch in Tagaytay City. Then, we continued our tour to Enchanted Kingdom. There we enjoyed the different rides and returned to Hotel happy and satisfied. According to our tour guide being a tourist in Metro Manila, we need to visit Intramuros so we dropped by and took a long walk. After this, we ended  to University of Sto. Tomas which is located in Espaà ±a.Then for the last time, we returned to Sir Boy’s for our lunch. As follows, we proceeded to MOA, owned by Henry Sy.Some of the students met their relatives while others bought Pasalubong and the rest took window shopping. And the saddest part was to say goodbye and we continued to our last bus stop, the NAIA. Application on your Course After the tour, I have acquired new realizations, knowledge that I may use in my course. I can apply that self-realization in my motivation to pursue my degree. Though I can’t say that I can be an App developer or Animator someday but I was unable to realize the importance of technology, the possible jobs,the importance of being a skilled IT worker and many more. Therefore ,the educational tour is not only for the enhancement of theoretical learning but rather giving a student a complete idea of what the course may offer to his or her life and for the preparation in the future job. Personal Experience Most of my first times happened during our tour. It may be terrifying or death-defying experiences but I don’t have any regrets in joining the said tour. Although my aunt wasted a huge amount of money just to send me to this tour. It’s okay at least we learned, we experienced and feel motivated. It’s my first time to ride in a plane. I feel a little bit of nervous at first because I have a fear in height but I’m happy that I’ve conquered my fear. Then after going back to Manila it’s a De javu feeling. I was there not for any reason but to enjoy all the proceedings and being a tourist. It is a privilege because all you have to do was to eat, listen, learn, observe, unwind and sleep. I have been there a long time ago but it’s my first time to go to ABS-CBN which is one of my dreams. Eversince, I have been an avid fan of Kapamilya Stars. Although I feel disappointed because I hadn’t seen my favorite stars but knowing that they also reside there it’s a pleasure to me. The Eastwood City was also amazing because of its high structured buildings, it is also considered as one of the business center of  Metro Manila. Opportunities can be seen anywhere since that there’s a lot of jobs. They say there’s a lot of job but the question is the skills of applicants. I’ve realized that in order to succeed you need to strive hard ,be patient and the most important is study hard to acquired proper skills that may use in the future. Next first time is going to Tagaytay City; it’s a relaxing ambiance with cool weather. After that was the Enchanted Kingdom experience. The fun really never stops. Aside from bonding with my classmates and friend it’s a full package experience. The ride on Space shuttle and Rio Grande was all my first time and according to Christian if he will be given a chance he’ll go back there or shall I say we will if there’s a chance. On our last day, the Intramuros and UST experiences are also amazing. Intramuros being one of the most important historical place and unique events in the country happened there. While UST is also nice because of its place which is awesome. Aside from the cute faces of their students, they are also kind and hospitable and they entertained and answered all our questions in mind. I’m so blessed and thankful that I was able to join the tour. My deepest gratitude to the tour committee for their patience in asking for our balances and letting this to happened. And also to Sir Nemz, our tour guide for guiding us during the tour. Though, he is not a certified teacher but he is more than that. He told a lot of trivia’s, knowledge about the place and he made us laugh.

The Mise-en-scene of Dr. Caligari essays

The Mise-en-scene of Dr. Caligari essays The film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari is a film that went against all film form previous to its release. It was released during the German Expressionist period in history, which had its heyday after World War I. During this period, Germans were interested in art, such as fictional stories, theatre, painting, and films. They felt that these different aspects of the arts should show the psychological thoughts and feelings of the main character. Many times these films would be very dark in their scenery and the way the shots were filmed in general. The mise-en-scene was very important in these Expressionistic films. The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari is the story of a doctor, who, not until the end of the film, do we find out his true profession. He works in an insane asylum and the story being told is that of the main character, a patient in the hospital. The authors disease keys us into the strange mise-en-scene (all of the backdrops, costumes, lighting, actors in the sequence) of the film. Lighting was an important part of the mise-en-scene in this particular movie. The cinematographers and set designers decided against using sunlight in the film. Any scenes that couldve been filmed outside a studio were shot inside with painted sets. They painted both light and dark shadows on the sets themselves. This gave the illusion of shadows that would normally appear using pure sunlight. These shadows illustrated a type of chiaroscuro, which is painting with light and shadow in art. Similarly, The term used for the lighting style of this film is low-key lighting. This means that there is a high contrast between objects, buildings, streets, stairs, or people inside the scene, causing us to look at a particular scene or character in the way the director wanted us to. Also important to the mise-en-scene is the sets themselves. The walls, floors, stairs, and ceilings are shaped and set up in a way that makes ones perc...

Fractured Franchise

Fractured Franchise Free Online Research Papers Reading of the article by Louis Menand only entrenched my attitude towards the issue concerning the right to vote. I do believe that the right to vote should be restricted in a way that only well-informed voters disposing of a sufficient knowledge of political situation would be recognized as being able to decide on political issues. Even if Caplan argues mostly within the framework of economic issues, his arguments remain plausible also in politics. The universal right to vote may not be a significant problem in developed democracies, whereas in the countries that have experienced other regimes this issue becomes more sensible. This is mainly because, apart from what Caplan wrote about individual rational choice to be ignorant because of the low price of voting, the fact that the elderly population would vote only because participation (and consent, indeed) used to be their civic duty. Since those people, who form the majority of the electoral public in Slovakia, for example, are convinced that they are obliged to vote, their motivation to inform themselves on the political situation is practically zero. Even if they believe being informed and form their political opinion, the risk that they do not consider all of the consequences of their opinion remains present. This is true not only for the elderly population, but also for most of the voting public. I agree with Caplan that the argument of collective intelligence is not valid, and that not only because democracy is not similar to market in it`s structure, but also because another condition for the collective intelligence to take place is that the collective should not be affected by no authority (in a case where they are affected, the result radically changes). The idea of â€Å"shortcuts† in decision-making obstructs the realisation of this condition. Also, I agree with Caplan`s statement that people tend to demand the preservation of the current status-quo. This means that the voters tend to stick to the experienced policies that did not cause much harm instead of wanting the adoption of policies that may improve the political situation and lead to the pursuit of their self-interest. This is why I believe that the right to vote should be limited only to those, who are actually concerned about politics and have sufficient knowledge on the issues they want to decide about. Even if many claim that democracy should be absolute and that the solutioin for all problems of democracy is more democracy, I do believe that they misunderstood it`s principles. Democracy, as I see it, is based on the equality of inputs, it means that everyone should have the right to be informed on the political situation, everyone should have an equal chance to get the right to vote. The universal right to vote is going beyond this and harms the system. Research Papers on Fractured FranchiseBringing Democracy to AfricaHip-Hop is ArtQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andPETSTEL analysis of IndiaCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Project Managment Office System

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Essay Example

Rtgtg Research Paper Example Essay Example Rtgtg Research Paper Example Paper Rtgtg Research Paper Example Paper That data includes, but is not limited to, student records, personnel records, business, and accounting records. The explosion of networks and Internet related informational activities means that this sensitive data is more conveniently available to authorized staff in ways undreamed of even a few years ago but is also at risk. M-DDCD must address the issue of the security of this data in such a way that all avenues of access are strictly controlled and that the privacy and value of the data are not compromised. The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC), in concert with Loss of funding (for example, FEET) due to the transmission of incorrect data to other agencies Unfair penalty or advantage to students due to the transmission of incorrect data (for example, incorrect transcripts resulting in unfair penalty or advantage to students applying for college and/or scholarships) Loss of negotiating or advantage by unauthorized disclosure of lists and other business assets to vendors Liability for incorrect data (including State and Federal penalties) Errors in business decisions due to inaccurate data Negative publicity surrounding the use of incorrect data and subsequent regulatory enforcement Inability to process business transactions in a timely fashion or not at all Sensitive data is defined as any data that should only be viewed by authorized personnel. Data sensitivity is determined by, but not limited to, federal and state laws (including privacy acts), M-DDCD Board Policies, and decisions by senior staff and/or the data owners (see section 2. 1 of this document). 1. 3 Background of M-DDCD Data Security Historically, almost all M-DDCD data was kept on the M-DDCD mainframe at ITS and access was strictly controlled through the use of the mainframe IBM SO/390 Security Servers (RACE). As long as valuable data is kept on the mainframe, this accepted Trinidad-true method of protection will continue to be the mainstay of our mainframe security efforts. Moreover, it provides a model hierarchical protection scheme, which can be used in an expanded network security paradigm. This includes the delegation of local authorization duties to an approved supervisor at the site. Approved supervisors include school principals and department heads. 2. 0 Scope In this document, authorized staff will hereafter be defined as all M-DDCD employees, consultants, vendors, auditors, students, temporary help, volunteers, and others authorized by M-DDCD to use the specific M-DDCD computer systems, applications, and information required for the performance of their Job or function. These specific Page 2 of 2 functions are determined and/or approved by the site supervisor. Authorizations without the site administrators approval is prohibited. Modification of The following is a list of some of the individuals/resources the Network Security Standards apply to: All authorized staff, volunteers, students, and vendors as well as unauthorized parties seeking access to M-DDCD computer resources All M-DDCD mainframes, minicomputers, personal computers, outside timesharing reverie, outside suppliers of data, network systems, wireless devices, M-DDCD- licensed software, switches, routers, hubs, wireless devices, and computer workstations All M-DDCD data and reports derived from these facilities All programs developed on M-DDCD time or using company equipment All terminals, communication lines, and associated equipment on M-DDCD premises or connected to M-DDCD computers over physical or virtual links Any equipment not owned by M-DDCD but connected to the M-DDCD network. All M-DDCD staff and authorized non-staff must be aware of the risks and act in the best interest of M-DDCD. These standards detail staffs responsibilities for computer security. Unauthorized persons who attempt to use M-DDCD computer resources will be prosecuted to the fullest extent possible. 2. 1 Owners of Data All computer files and data are to be associated with a user. In general, unless otherwise specified, the head of the department who requested the creation of the files and programs that store and manipulate the data on the computer is the owner of the data. The owner is responsible for specifying whether the data is sensitive and which user-ids will be authorized to access it, or who will be responsible for giving ouch authorization. 3. Physical Security Adequate building security (both physical and environmental) must be provided for the protection of all physical and logical M-DDCD computer assets and especially sensitive applications and data. Security includes, but is not limited to, lockable doors and windows, limited access, protection from water, fire, and the elements, alarms, access controls, and surveillance devices such as cameras and monitors. Site supervisors must protect all hardware and software assigned to their location. Administrative computers must be segregated from classroom computers. Students ND unauthorized personnel should never have access to administrative machines. Page 3 of 3 4. Non-Mainframe System Security Non-mainframe systems (Local Area Network (LANA) and Wide Area Network (WAN)) must have the same protection methodology in place as do mainframes to ensure MADCAP computer assets are secure. Programmatic methods are to be used to control access to non-mainframe resources. These methods include defining specific users or groups to specific system resources, and use of the least privilege concept for access to all system-level resources such as the operating system, utilities, and databases. Least privilege is defined a s a default of no access to these resources and the requirement of explicit permission and authorization by the owner based on need. Non-Mainframe systems must be provided with: 1 . Auditing/logging of such security-relevant information as log-on information, resource access, and TCP/IP addresses whenever possible. 2. Security modifications and system administrator events. 3. Ability to audit [log specific users and resources on demand. 4. Ability to send specific security sensitive events directly to a specified administrators workstation, terminal, or e-mail, preferably with an audible alarm. . 1 M-DDCD Network Systems Security Network systems include any local area network (LANA)2, wide-area network (WAN)3, dial-up, Internet, servers, server connections, switches, hubs, routers, lines, software, and data that are outside the M-DDCD mainframe system. The security must include both physical and logical layers of protection. As M-DDCD moves from storing and transferring sensitive information used within the M-DDCD in a closed network architecture utilizing private and/or leased lines to an open network architecture using Internet and TCP/IP networks, employees must pay particular attention to the security of these assets. 4. 1. 1 Network Structure, Hierarchy, and Requirements As a statement of direction, all administrative PC-type servers in M-DDCD should migrate to the Windows 2003 (or above) operating system. Microsoft no longer supports Windows NT or Windows 2000 and will not provide fixes or reports for vulnerabilities, including any new ones found. No Windows NT servers are to be connected to the network and every effort must be made to remove Windows 2000 servers currently connected. Since these Operating Systems (SO) are unsupported, there is no anti-virus or patching available for them and they are therefore unprotected. Sensitive data should be moved to a server with a higher level SO. Applications should be updated to work on and be moved too higher level SO if at all possible. If an updated version is not available vendors must be notified that Page 4 of 4 they must provide an updated version of the application as soon as possible. All servers still using Microsoft Windows NT must be migrated to a Windows 2003 or above server platform immediately or disconnected from the network. Administrators of servers currently using Novella, or any other PC network operating system should also strongly consider migrating to Windows 2003 or above Server. Desktops and laptops connected to the network should similarly be migrated to Windows XP SSP or above to take advantage of higher levels of security. 2. The District employs Active Directory Services (ADS), a hierarchical process similar to a pyramid. Information Technology Services has established and maintains the root ADS (the top of the pyramid) for MADCAP and determines local and group policy settings. In Microsoft terms, this structure is best described as a forest. All other District servers will be added to the ITS established Active Directory forest. Below the root in the forest are Organizational Units (Us) that are the school and administrative sites in the District. These local US are simply smaller networks with their own Domain Controllers (DC) that connect to the M-DDCD network. These Dos are under ITS auth ority and are not to be managed in any way by the local OH administrators. Local OH administrators must strictly limit access to their OH from other US as well as the outside. ITS must have Enterprise Administrator rights to all US in the District forest. ITS must provide advanced notification of group policy changes. 4. Computers with Windows xx or earlier are prohibited from being connected to any M-DDCD network. The security features of this level of SO are extremely primitive and leave user accounts vulnerable to a variety of risks, including unencrypted caching of user-ids and passwords. As stated previously in this document, all Windows computer SO must be Windows XP SSP or above. This level SO provides protection from the various strains of worms, which propagate rapidly through networks via computers with a lower level SO. Although Windows 2000 workstations employ a better security paradigm than Windows xx, they are no longer supported by Microsoft and should be replaced and/or removed from the network as soon as possible, as described in preceding sections. 5. All locations must migrate from the original school and District networks to the decathlons network. Most of these are old networks with weak security and must be removed from production immediately. 6. M-DDCD Board Policies/directives/standards regarding the following topics must be read and followed at all times: M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for staff http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 04. HTML M-DDCD Acceptable Use Policy of the Network/Lenten for students http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 03. HTML Page 5 of 5 M-DDCD Board Policy regarding Copyright Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p02531. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding staff use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Lola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 05. HTML M-DDCD Board Policy regarding student use of District e-mail systems http:// www. Enola. Com/mediated-FL/search/policies/p07540. 06. HTML The Office of Management and Compliance Audits (MAC) web site, which includes the School IT Audit Assessment http://Mac. decathlons. Net/audi ts/it. Asp 7. Each department or school must maintain a disaster contingency plan to provide for recovery of data in case of catastrophic loss. At minimum, all MADCAP data must be backed-up once a week and all mission-critical data must be backed-up daily. Data on the backup media will be verified as usable. 8. Administrative computers are defined as non-classroom computers on which M-DDCD requisition and business functions, exempt student academic and demographic data, staff e-mail directives, staff tasks, etc. Are stored and/or viewed. These computers should be kept physically and virtually separate from instructional computers. Students are not to have access, either physical or virtual, to production servers or any administrative computers. 9. Every effort should be made to secure classroom machines on which student testing, test grading and evaluation, grade book activities, and staff e-mail functions are carried out. This includes: a. Installing application passwords and timeouts, b. Up-to-date anti-virus software, c. Separate computers for teacher use only, d. He most current version of the Districts patch- management software to ensure the computer has the most recent software and operating system security patches, e. Installation of anti-spare applications when available, f. Possib le storage of grade and test data on removable (encrypted) media, and g. Limiting unsupervised student access as much as possible individual student accounts or common student accounts (STUDENT) should be separate from teacher accounts. Page 6 of 6 10. All administrative computers and server consoles that are used to access or control sensitive data must have a screen saver timeout and password after a specific period of inactivity or some other lockout mechanism to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing the data via the logged-in users account. The Windows timeout with password is available even if the specific application does not have one. Users should also be in the habit of locking their computer or logging off when they are finished or leaving the computer unattended, even for a brief time (See section 5. 1. 3 in this document). These computers may also have boot-up passwords. The timeout may be temporarily turned off by the local adman when the computer is to be used for presentations or other instructional activities but must be turned back on when the activity has been completed. 1 1 . Classroom computers are defined as computers used by students or servers that once instructional computers. There are to be no administrative applications, especially mainframe sessions, installed on any of these computers or servers. 12. Outside access to M-DDCD networks should only be through hardened Web servers. This means that Web servers should have no other applications running on them and should not connect easily to the rest of the M-DDCD network. Information on Web pages must be kept as current as possible. 13. Access to critical resources should be managed by assigning individuals to a group. The group should be set up with the authority necessary to do the specific job/task or access specific data. This will provide management with a more efficient method to remove access authority when a user no longer is responsible for performing the task. Group membership should be reviewed on a regular basis to ensure all members are appropriate. Under no circumstances should users be assigned data folder or application rights as an individual, except for home folders. 14. Locations maintaining their own network components must keep diagrammed documentation indicating how the network is physically conferred (I. E. , location of servers, switches, routers, etc. ). 15. All software that restricts, prevents or inhibits updates sent by ITS, including, but not limited to Deep Freeze, Fortress, Clean Slate, HAD Guard, and others of this type are not to be installed without written permission from ITS. 16. No form of Wake On Lana (WOOL) tool should be used to automatically turn on computers unless it is for immediate maintenance purposes, such as imaging or to allow monthly updates to be sent. The use of this type of a tool undermines the purpose and effect of the new Power Management Program, which is a District-wide initiative that will save millions of dollars and help reduce emissions (See 5. 0. 17). In addition, local power management settings on PCs should only be altered by ITS. Page 7 of 7 4. 1. 2 Data Access, Transfer and Communication 1 . Firewalls are servers that function as a barrier preventing unauthorized outside access to the M-DDCD network. Exceptions requiring access from the outside must be documented by filling out Its Remote Client Support Agreement IP Entry (FM-6045) (old), or either of the new VPN/Dial-Up Access Request forms (FM-6629, for vendors or employees). ITS will keep firewall audit logs and review them regularly for illicit activity against the firewall. 2. Access to secure mainframe applications via the network requires RACE authorization. 3. Dial-in to the M-DDCD network requires network authorization and access authentication. 4. Accessing District resources using Remote Access Services (RASA) such as Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), dial-in technology with a modem, from external providers may pose a risk to the network and the data. This provides a back door around network security by giving users a direct connection to a remote server. If remote access is authorized and sensitive/confidential data is to be transmitted, the line must be secured by Virtual Private Network (VPN), Secure Socket Layer (SSL), or some other genealogy that encrypts the data so that it is never transmitted in clear text. Hackers using sniffed technology often scan transmission lines looking for data they can use. Examples include user-ids and passwords, account numbers and financial information, student data deemed exempt from public release by state law, or Human Resource (HRS) data. 5. The use of communications software that provides the ability to remotely take over a network connected PC is prohibited unless authorized by ITS. If it is used, it should be strictly controlled by the local administrator and user. It should be turned on only when support is needed (and the user has given permission, if applicable) and immediately turned off once the support has been provided. Certain remote administration tools, like VAN freeware, are unsupported, have known security vulnerabilities, and are removed when found by the Districts anti-spare. ITS recommends district technical staff uses Damager as a low cost alternative to VAN. 6. Confidential data taken from the District, whether via laptop, Jump drive, removable media like a CD or floppy disk, PDA, e-mail, FTP, printed report, or any other method, must be encrypted, redacted, or otherwise terrorized so if the content falls in the wrong hands it cannot be misused. Agencies outside the school systems secure cloud that engage in File Transfer Protocol (FTP)5 operations or e-mail transmission with the District in which confidential data is transferred are to be encouraged to utilize an encryption process requiring asymmetrical (public and private) keys, such Page 8 of 8 as BGP (Pretty Good Privacy). Transfer of confidential data and any exceptions to the encryption process must be authorized by ITS. 7. Application software that has built- in security functions must have these functions activated when this software involves influential data. In addition, new software purchased to handle confidential data should have security capabilities as documented in sections 5. 1 Usuries and Passwords and 4. 0 Non-Mainframe System Security. 8. Users should be aware that unprotected folders on the network are prey to many different forms of hacking. It is the responsibility of the local site administrator to ensure that this data is secure. 9. Network Administrators, including ITS staff, are prohibited from viewing or otherwise manipulating user files on the users local drive without the permission of he user or the approval of appropriate administrative, legal or police staff unless there is a critical need to do so. Critical need is defined as faulty system function, virus activity, illicit hacking or Internet activities, pornographic or other offensive material activity, or other violations of District policies. These policies include, but are not limited to, the Network and Internet Acceptable Use Policy, the Staff and Student EMail Policies, the Copyright Infringement Policy, the Network Security Standards or any other District policy, Board Policy or directive relating to user conduct. It should e noted that the District e-mail policies discuss the lack of privacy in the e-mail system at length. 10. Personal or vendor-owned devices such as desktops, laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (Pads), etc. , or portable/removable storage devices/media such as Universal Serial Bus (USB) Jump drives should not be connected to any M-DDCD network without network administrator/site supervisor approval. These devices may carry applications, configurations, viruses, etc. That pose a risk to the network or may be used to remove sensitive data from the network. School system technicians may grant approval after,

Opera concert review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Opera concert review - Essay Example The stage was set in a mixture of different bright colors and the lighting was good enough to bring out the mood and the sentiments. The actors adorned Japanese costumes and used some Japanese words to make the performance authentic. The Japanese tune, â€Å"Mi-Ya-Sa-Ma† was played in perfect Japanese style and helped in reinforcing the Japanese theme. These played out very well by giving me some insight into ancient Japanese society. The wordplay and the clarity in which the words were delivered kept me interested throughout the performance. The manner in which the actors used language and rhyme brought out their professionalism in using such stylistic devices to entertaining the audience. The comedy in the performance came out effortlessly. The choice of the characters was an outstanding one, and amongst the major things that made the performance memorable. The chorus was excellently done. Each and every character involved in it gave it their best and it came out perfectly. The singing was well harmonized with the comedy and this was even clearly expressed by the items used by the ladies and gentlemen of Japan. The opening line, â€Å"If You Want To Know Who We Are† (Sullivan, & Gilbert Act 1) was quite an exciting attention grabber. It created some curiosity in me that I was eager to know what would happen. The orchestra mostly on the overture was very satisfactory. There was exemplary harmony in the way the instruments were coordinated. The arrangement of the songs was such that they were expertly paced and created enough time for comic effect which was well expressed by the Japanese vase-full (Sullivan, & Gilbert Act 2). The role of the Mikado was given the justice it deserved. The character used his skills to sing and act it out giving it all the dignity befitting a real Emperor. In addition, Pooh Bah’s state duties were well captured. The singing was done in a clear tone and amazing diction. The character of Nanki-Poo was also very admirably played.

Stoning in Iran Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stoning in Iran - Essay Example However, she completely neglects the very reality that she is also guilty of human rights violations by imposing and inflicting the horrible and humiliating punishments upon the sex offenders in the form of stoning them to death because of developing extra-marital sexual relationships with one or more person(s). Since stoning to death maintains neither any religious background nor is it observed in any other part of the world except Iran, the dreadful act of stoning witnesses no justification in its nature and scope. The present study aims to analyse the implementation of the punishment by exploring its validity through the Islamic jurisprudence on the one hand, and its cultural and revengeful historical background on the other in order to prove or disapprove the validity of the so called justifiable penalty observed by the Iranian government of contemporary times. Stoning is one of the most popular traditional punishments applied by the authorities on the sex offenders and adulterer s, so that the viewers and spectators can take it as an exemplar and could avoid sex offences altogether in their individual and collective life. Since the Iranians consider stoning a highly effective method to prevent the masses from violation of the moral ethics and religious values, in order to protect the nation from becoming prey to the moral decline at large, stoning is vehemently practiced in all parts of the state on offenders without any discrimination of caste, class, community, region, age and sex. â€Å"At a time when momentum is gathering across the world to abolish capital punishment, the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) currently ranks second for number of executions, after China, and first for per capita executions in the world. According to the World Coalition against the Death Penalty, Iran executed at least 317 people in 2007, almost twice as many as in 2006 and four times as many as in 2005. In 2008, at least 346 executions were recorded.† (FIDH, 2009: 3) He nce, this type of ruthless punishment is admired, projected and supported by the Iranians without taking into considerations the severity of the trial the offenders undergo by becoming prey to the slow and painful death penalty. The history of stoning in Iran is not far to seek; on the contrary, it finds its roots over three decades ago, when the religious leadership came at the helm of the government after the successful revolution against the pro-western monarchical regime of the Emperor Raza Shah Pahlavi in February 1979. â€Å"Amnesty International says that at least eight people were stoned to death in 1986. Somehow, few people have linked this to the passing of a law that year which allowed the hiring of judges with minimal experience and that it led to an increase in the number of judges from a traditional religious background.† (Wooldridge, 2010: quoted in bbc.co.uk) Though the revolution was the reaction to the prevailing class discrimination of the monarchical Iran, yet it was hijacked by the religious leaders, who introduced strict laws in the name of religion and inflicted severe and harsh punishments upon their political and social opponents. Stoning and floggings were also introduced in the country, and the sex offenders became the worst prey of the religious regime, which left no stone unturned to suppress the liberal masses under the chariot

Advertising Journal #3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising Journal #3 - Essay Example While Bruce is chewing, the person watching the advert is asked to decide if Bruce should be ‘deep’ or ‘shallow’. In this ad, Twix is being advertised as a snack at break-time which people can eat while they reflect on life. This type of innovative advertising style appeals to a young target market, ranging from late teens to late twenties, who enjoy the interaction and use computers. Indeed, the characters in the advert are all in their late twenties, so this is clearly the market sector that Twix is aiming to appeal to. On TV this concept was extended over a number of different ads. Although the interactive element was taken away, the tag line ‘Need a moment? Chew it over with Twix’ remained the same. As well as Bruce trying to win over his girl, there was the Bookzone ad, in which two guys are reading a book on ‘How to Score a Hottie’. A beautiful woman approaches them and one of the guys pulls out a Twix in order pause time and decide how to impress her. He turns to his friend, tells him he’s pathetic, and gets to go for a coffee with the woman. In all the TV advertisements, the recognisable tag line was repeated. The ads focused on situations where men, usually in their late-teens or twenties, were attempting to impress women. This style of advertising clearly appeals to the younger audience. It is a fun-loving, goofy approach to advertising, showing that Twix is the candy bar for people with a sense of humour. In this particular campaign, Twix made very little use of print advertising as a way of promoting their message. This is perhaps because the point of the ad campaign is that the Twix bar can stop time and allow the eater to chew things over and this is difficult to portray with a non-moving medium. However, on other campaigns, Twix have made use of the print media. On their ‘two for me, none for you’ campaign, Twix actually inserted speaking advertisements in Rolling

Critically discuss the adoption of EMS as a vehicle to achieve Essay

Critically discuss the adoption of EMS as a vehicle to achieve sustainability of company operations - Essay Example Environmental management is in a perspective of sustainable development. Environmental management systems are based on reference standards. The most widespread is ISO 14001. There is also the European Regulation EMAS, based on ISO 14001, but with additional requirements (among others, the public environmental statement) (IEMA’s Environmentalist 2008). The startlingly certified ISO 4001 possesses several benefits that include the significant cost, long, and short term advantages still they were implemented, and it was found there are more ways to improve it. The standard ISO 14001 is the most widely used standards in the series of standards ISO 14000 concerning the environmental management. It was conducted by the International Organization for Standardization, known internationally by the acronym ISO is automatically included in the naming standards (IEMA’s Environmentalist 2008). ... specifically requires the implementation of the basic environmental feedback before establishing the EMS while ISO 14001 recommends that such a practice is really beneficial to establish the EMS, and it identifies the consequences and signifies the environmental factors (International Standard Organization 2012). The EMAS requires the preparation of an environmental statement, to be available publicly. This statement must be externally verified to ensure the reliability of the information. No requirement of the environmental statement in ISO 14001 Originally, the EMAS applied only to the industrial sector (mining and quarrying, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water supply, and solid and liquid waste), but has since expanded its borders considerably and now includes service industries and governments local (International Standard Organization 2012: Isodanisman 2012). ISO 14001 can be functional to existing business processes or particular actions, which take place within the compa ny while the EMAS only applies to a "place of operations" The EMAS provides that a company must "fulfill all relevant requirements relating to the environment" while ISO 14001 only states that there must be a "commitment to comply" environmental legislation and regulations (International Standard Organization 2012; Isodanisman 2012). The EMAS provides that the audit of a management system and environmental performance should be done, or completed the audit cycle, at least every three years while the ISO 14001 does not specify the frequency of audits The EMAS environmental policy states that must include a commitment to continual improvement in environmental performance, with a view to reduce impacts to levels not exceeding those corresponding to economically viable application of best

The Learning Of Pharmacy Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Learning Of Pharmacy Medicine - Essay Example In my opinion, knowledge gained from your reputable institution will allow me to become an efficient pharmacist. Since my childhood until now, I have been able to realize that service is truly a way of contributing to the society and not everyone is capable of making such a contribution. Education that I gained has been efficient in inspiring me to give my best to individuals in need. In addition, research on the profession of pharmacy has indicated that this profession is in rapid process of emergence, and pharmacists are playing a crucial and noteworthy role in the establishment of quality standards for pharmaceutical, as well as health care in the society. Moreover, recent developments in the pharmacy have resulted in broad perspectives of the field that were not recognized earlier, such as the academic pharmacist, antibiotic pharmacist, etc. My passion and zeal for pharmacy enhanced during my volunteering at one of the pharmaceutical organizations that facilitated me in understanding the real impact of pharmacy on the society, and helped me in developing talent, as well as composure required in the profession. To be a great pharmacist, one has to care about others to the point of achieving beyond the objective. With every patient, a pharmacist has to carry out different tasks in responsible and efficient manner, in order to bring a positive and constructive change in one’s life. Unlike conventional pharmacy, pharmacists are now working closely with patients rather than limiting to the products, a significant factor of this profession that has inspired me to acquire education in this field and make a difference in human lives.

Critically discuss the adoption of EMS as a vehicle to achieve Essay

Critically discuss the adoption of EMS as a vehicle to achieve sustainability of company operations - Essay Example Environmental management is in a perspective of sustainable development. Environmental management systems are based on reference standards. The most widespread is ISO 14001. There is also the European Regulation EMAS, based on ISO 14001, but with additional requirements (among others, the public environmental statement) (IEMA’s Environmentalist 2008). The startlingly certified ISO 4001 possesses several benefits that include the significant cost, long, and short term advantages still they were implemented, and it was found there are more ways to improve it. The standard ISO 14001 is the most widely used standards in the series of standards ISO 14000 concerning the environmental management. It was conducted by the International Organization for Standardization, known internationally by the acronym ISO is automatically included in the naming standards (IEMA’s Environmentalist 2008). ... specifically requires the implementation of the basic environmental feedback before establishing the EMS while ISO 14001 recommends that such a practice is really beneficial to establish the EMS, and it identifies the consequences and signifies the environmental factors (International Standard Organization 2012). The EMAS requires the preparation of an environmental statement, to be available publicly. This statement must be externally verified to ensure the reliability of the information. No requirement of the environmental statement in ISO 14001 Originally, the EMAS applied only to the industrial sector (mining and quarrying, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water supply, and solid and liquid waste), but has since expanded its borders considerably and now includes service industries and governments local (International Standard Organization 2012: Isodanisman 2012). ISO 14001 can be functional to existing business processes or particular actions, which take place within the compa ny while the EMAS only applies to a "place of operations" The EMAS provides that a company must "fulfill all relevant requirements relating to the environment" while ISO 14001 only states that there must be a "commitment to comply" environmental legislation and regulations (International Standard Organization 2012; Isodanisman 2012). The EMAS provides that the audit of a management system and environmental performance should be done, or completed the audit cycle, at least every three years while the ISO 14001 does not specify the frequency of audits The EMAS environmental policy states that must include a commitment to continual improvement in environmental performance, with a view to reduce impacts to levels not exceeding those corresponding to economically viable application of best

Live Clean Lives Grant Proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Live Clean Lives Grant Proposal - Research Paper Example Statement of Need Zimbabwe has 45 million people. Out of these, two-thirds are determined to be at the risk of contracting gastrointestinal diseases because of poor hygiene (Pittet et al., 20111). The result of maintaining an ill health in these individuals is that most of them die from the diseases and those that survive live a miserable life because of the agony caused by the illness and the financial problem due to their absence from work as they recover. Moreover, children cannot go to school because they spend most of the time at school dispensaries and rushing to the toilet (Curtis et al., 2011). Program Description The Live Clean Lives Program will enable the people at risk of contracting diseases caused by poor hygiene to improve their health standards and, thus their quality of life. The program will involve massive sensitization of people in the areas concerning the risks they expose themselves to as a consequence of poor hygiene and also offer them what they need to maintain clean, healthy lives (Jayaraman et al., 2014). Sensitization will occur in all sectors of society, and even schools will be requested to squeeze in some time for the project team to show the community how to fight germs and the diseases that emanate from them. People will improve their economic condition because they will be at work most of the time. Also, students’ grades will improve because they will spend most of their time in class (Hayes, 2013).

Cosmetic surgery cons and pros Essay Example for Free

Cosmetic surgery cons and pros Essay With the development of technology and medical systems, changing one’s appearance is something which is very normal. People chose to go under some kind of cosmetic surgeries have different reasons, but cosmetic surgery do really change some people to a better life. We are surrounded by advertisements, movies, magazines which usually have pictures of stunning models. The media and those kind of ads establish standard of beauty in their audiences’ mind. It is a nightmare for people who are not lucky enough to possess perfect features. It somehow lowers people self-esteem when they look up to those models as a references of beauty standard. However, thanks to the development of technology and plastic surgery, those kind of nightmare can be fixed. With plastic surgery, almost everything on one’s body can be adjusted. When people get closer to their personal standard, they will feel more confident. Plastic surgery helps raising their self-esteem. Some reach out to cosmetic surgery to improve their appearances. People have more choices than ever from a quick fix to major procedures to improve their body images. Aging is usually major problem. Every one of us has to face that when we get to some points. Laser skin treatments, Botox injections, Filler injections†¦are life savers for people who want to reverse the aging process. It is not hard to find people at their 40’s 50’s who look much younger than their ages. Cosmetic surgery can improve almost everything. If you want small face, high nose, big eyes, big boobs, small waist, perfect flawless skin†¦plastic surgeons can give them all to you. Plastic surgery is magic in transforming appearance, however it also has some disadvantages. I was terrified when I watched a Korean beauty contest which was not long ago. The audiences might have a really hard time distinguish between the contestants, because they look almost the same. All of them have perfect features such as big eyes, high and small noses, small face†¦ It should be called â€Å"plastic surgeons contest†, but they are all pretty though. People lose their personal identities when they get dramatic changes on their faces. On a larger scale, people lose their ethnical identities. For example, there is a trend in Asian countries that people want to westernize their look. Double eye-lid surgeries or nose surgeries are most common procedures. Michael Jackson is also a great example for this issue. He tried to transform from a black to a white person, and the result was which we already knew. People may get addicted to plastic surgery too. Hang Mioku from South Korea is a case which people should look at before they consider about plastic surgery. She was a pretty women with natural beauty. Unluckily, she got addicted to cosmetic surgery, even surgeons refused to get jobs done on her. She injected silicon on her face herself, and worse than that, she injected oil in to her body. The result might terrified any person who ever think about get some jobs done on their bodies.

Grammar Translation Relevance In Malaysian Classroom Cultural Studies Essay

Grammar Translation Relevance In Malaysian Classroom Cultural Studies Essay Describe any of the language learning approaches and evaluate their relevance to the current Malaysian classroom ELT content. In the process of learning a target language, there are several language learning approaches that could be used by the teachers- Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Audio-Lingual Method, Silent Way, Suggestopedia, Total Physical Response, Community Language Learning and Communicative Language Teaching. All of these approaches are valuable for them as they help the learners to develop their target language and become fluent speakers. In my personal view, Grammar Translation Method and Communicative Language Teaching are approaches that I believe have their relevance to the current Malaysian classroom ELT content. Grammar Translation Method is a traditional method; it was introduced and became popular in the 19th century. For this method, according to Brown (2001), it focuses on grammatical rules as the basis for translating from the second to the native language. The basic approach of this method is the students have to analyse and study the grammatical rules of the target language. They are given explanations on grammar, and after that they will be given sentences which need to be translated from the target language to the native language and vice versa. In short, in this method, it only focuses on reading and writing which are grammatical rules, memorization of vocabulary, translation of text and doing written exercises, while other skills are ignored. There are some characteristics of Grammar Translation as stated by Prator and Celce-Murcia (1979: 3) (cited in Brown (2001)). Firstly, the medium of instruction of the classes is the mother tongue, through little active use of the target language. There are also not many vocabulary is taught in the form of lists of isolated words, while long, elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given. Next, grammar provides the rules of putting words together, and instruction often focuses on the form and inflection of words. Besides, reading of difficult classical texts is begun early, where little attention is paid to the content of texts, which are treated as exercises in grammatical analysis. Next characteristic is the only drills for this method are exercises in translating disconnected sentences from the target language into the mother tongue. Lastly, this method does not really focus or give attention to pronunciation. Teachers and pupils have their own roles for this method. As the teachers, they have to be skillful in teaching the target language, instead of using text books especially when explaining grammatical rules and patterns. They also need to be proficient in the target language, so that they are capable to provide translation practices and correct exercises made by the pupils. For the pupils, the academic skills is necessary for them as they have to memorise rules and examples when learn using this method. They also have to work hard to produce correct and perfect translations. There are some reasons why Grammar Translation Method is relevant to Malaysian classroom context. If we go to primary school, we can observe that most of English Language teachers prefer to use Malay Language instead of English when speaking or giving instructions to their pupils, especially who are in Level 1 (Year 1, 2 and 3) and rural area school. This is because Malay Language is the first language or their mother tongue, and that is why it is used freely among the teachers and pupils in the English Language classrooms. According to Mohd Sofi Ali (2003), he stated that Some ESL teachers claimed that Bahasa Malaysia had been used to a maximum of 70% in the weak classes, and 30% in the better classes. However, it was not uncommon to see 100% use of Bahasa Malaysia in the weaker classes; it would be an uncommon phenomenon to witness a 100% use of English in all the classes. (p. 4) So, we can see that the use of mother tongue is like their common practice in the classroom and the reason why English Language is not fully used to communicate is that it is easy for them to understand English Language when they learn using their mother tongue. This method is also applicable to Malaysian classroom context because it focuses on translation the target language to native language and vice versa. Translation is applied on learners to facilitate the learning of these difficult words. (Erlina Melati Mahpar, 2007). Thus, it is suitable for the Level 1 primary school pupils who do not yet possess vocabulary in their target language. They will learn to translate words in the form of list or isolated words, and next move to sentences or paragraphs. For instance, the teacher will provide the pupils a text from the target language and they are asked to read it either one by one or the whole class. After that, the teacher will ask them to translate the words into their mother tongue and help them if they are unable to translate. We can see that this activity is actually the same as what the teachers are doing in the Level 1 primary school English Language classroom. This activity is suitable for them as the beginners, where it will not only enhance their vocabulary, it also will increase their confidence to learn the target language. Besides, this method is relevant to Malaysian classroom context because it focuses on teaching of grammar. There are some kinds of knowledge required by the pupils as they learn grammar based on KBSR English Syllabus- word order, Connectors, Verbs, Articles, Prepositions, Modifiers, Nouns and Pronouns. In Malaysia, the teacher will teach the grammar deductively. According to Beare, K. (2010), Deductive is known as a top down approach. This is the standard teaching approach that has a teacher explaining rules to the students. For example, first and foremost, the teacher will teach and explain the grammar rules to the pupils. Next, they will provide some examples to help them grasp the concept and the pattern for their better understanding. The pupils have to memorise all the rules and examples as the teacher will also give them some drills like exercises on constructing sentences or filling in the blanks. So, with their knowledge and understandings, they are capable to do the exercise s correctly and it is effective for the application of grammar and sentence structure. Additionally, this method also focuses on vocabulary. For this method, Prator and Celce-Murcia (1979: 3) (cited in Brown (2001)) stated that Much vocabulary is taught in the form of lists of isolated words. For instance, the pupils have to turn to a list of words taken from the passage of the target language provided and find the synonym and antonym of the words. In this activity, it is a whole class activity and teachers may help them to provide the words if they are unable to find them. This is exactly the same as what the pupils learn in Malaysian primary school. This is also part of the language contents in the curriculum because based on the English Language syllabus, The words in the list are some key words that must be mastered by all learners according to their stages of development. Mostly, the teachers here teach vocabulary by using visual aids like pictures or flash cards. This is because according to Nesamalar Chitravelu et al. (2005), Early vocabulary learning is best su pported by visuals. For example, they want to teach synonym to the pupils. They may show them the word happy in a card and ask the pupils to give the synonym of the word. The teachers may repeat the words regularly or give some drills in order to develop the pupils vocabulary when learning the target language. The next language learning approach is Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). According to Richards Rodgers (2001) (cited in Zhuqing Chen (2003)), CLT is originated from the changes in the British Situational Language Teaching approach dating from the late 1960s. Galloway (1993) also stated that Interest in and development of communicative-style teaching mushroomed in the 1970s; authentic language use and classroom exchanges where students engaged in real communication with one another became quite popular. From this background, it can be said that CLT emphasises on fluency and speaking skills which is real-life communication. There are some features of CLT. According to Brown (2001), Classroom goals are focused on all of the components (grammatical, discourse, functional, sociolinguistic, and strategic) of communicative competence. Nunan (1991) stated that CLT emphasises on learning to communicate through interaction in the target language. Besides, Nunan also stated CLT as an attempt to link classroom language learning with language activities outside the classroom, besides it is an enhancement of the learners own experiences as important contributing elements to classroom learning. Other feature of CLT is it is learner-centered. This means that teachers only responsible to facilitate and guide the students, as well as allowing them to be in charge of their own learning. Teachers and pupils have to play important roles in CLT. Larsen-Freeman (2000) said that teachers in communicative classrooms will find themselves talking less and listening more becoming active facilitators of their students learning. So firstly, they are responsible to be the facilitator to facilitate communication as well as to monitor and guide the pupils especially when they are doing the activities. Besides, they need to arrange and set up appropriate tasks and activities for the pupils communication. For the pupils, they are expected to become active and participate in all classroom activities. Furthermore, it is vital for them to communicate frequently inside and outside the classroom in order to develop their fluency. English is taught in all primary and secondary schools in the country in keeping with its status as a second language in the country. (KPM, 2001). Thus, CLT is relevant to current Malaysian ELT content because if we look at the English Language syllabus for primary schools, its aim is to equip learners with basic skills and knowledge of the English language so as to enable them to communicate, both orally and in writing, in and out of school (KPM, 2001) same as the goal of CLT which is according to Larsen-Freeman (2000), it is to enable students to communicate in the target language. In Malaysian classroom, activity which involves real-life situations is applied by the teachers. They cannot take the pupils into all the environments in real life, but they help them locate themselves imaginatively in such situations. (Nesamalar Chitravelu, 2005). If we refer to Year 5 Curriculum Specifications, there is one learning outcomes where the pupils are capable to perform a variety of functions in a social context such as exchanging greetings, making introductions, inviting people, etc. (KPM, 2003). For this activity, Nesamalar Chitravelu also stated that a person would need to understand the situation, listen to the person he is speaking to, understand what the person is saying and at the same time think of what he can say, when it is his turn to speak. For example, the teacher tells the pupils to do the real-life telephone conversations. They have to identify their roles and what the situation is. After that, they will be asked to role-play it with their friends in front of the classroom. This activity is effective and it is a fun way of practicing language among the pupils. Besides, it really gives benefit to them as they give students opportunity to practice communicating in different social contexts and in different social roles. (Larsen-Freeman, 2000). In relation with the current Malaysian ELT content, CLT also emphasises on pupil-centered learning, where the pupils are responsible for their own learning. The teachers will only facilitate them and might be a co-communicator engaging in the communicative activity along with the students. (Littlewood, 1981 (cited in Larsen-Freeman (2000)). There are many kinds of pupil-centered activities that can be used in order to teach them the target language- role-plays, information gap, opinion-sharing as well as language games which are conducted either in pairs or small groups. During the school observation, I discovered that Level 2 teachers prefer to use opinion-sharing activities mostly in their class in which students compare values, opinions, or beliefs (Richards, 2006). If we examine the learning outcomes in the Curriculum Specifications of Year 5, it is stated that the pupils will be able to express thoughts and feelings and give opinions on things read, seen, heard and viewed This m eans that they need to interact with others in the classroom and have to be actively participated in all activities. According to Leela Mohd. Ali (1989), each student has maximum time to interact in order to learn to negotiate meaning and she also stated that they are seen as communicators actively engaged in trying to make themselves understood. They have to maximise the use of the target language when they interact and communicate with their friends, as Larsen-Freeman (2000) asserted that they give students valuable communicative pratice. As a conclusion, both Grammar Translation Method and Communicative Language Teaching approaches are applicable for the teachers to practice and apply in the classroom. They have to be creative and have good imaginations to modify and conduct activities during the lesson in order to lead to desired learning to the learners, so that they are capable to understand the language and able to communicate with other people either inside or outside the classroom. (2 337 words)

Birth of the Universe :: science

Birth of the Universe Your universe, as we have suggested many times, as we've suggested already this morning, is but one universe among many. It is relatively a small universe — not to suggest that you should feel badly †¦ {laughter} †¦ for despite the consensus reality that bigger is better, despite the male-dominating energy and the comparative energies that say "bigger is better," your universe, though relatively small, is not at all diminished by its size. Now we know the word universe by its definition means the totality of known or supposed objects and phenomena throughout space. We know that it is thought of as "all" and that therefore there can only be one. Yet, by experience and by fact, yours is but one among many dimensional and non-dimensional universes. Yours is a universe by a truer definition: It is that which is versus (turning into) uni (one). Universe. And it is mostly space, as you know. And it is mostly outer space as you call it. Before anything, your universe is space. Space. What about before space? To understand the Vortex of Sirius and the Sirius Connection, realize that before your universe existed, before it was even conceived, there was nothing. First space had to be created. As with any dimensional creation, first comes space. We have suggested that the Goddess energy — the original energy that creates itself without space or time — first creates God. No, we do not mean the God of religious text and doctrine Eastern or Western — not that God that so frequently comes to mind when the word is said or thought. We speak of the genuine article, if you will. We speak of the more-real God that to most remains unknown. The Goddess first creates God. She first gives birth to God, if you will, from her womb. The egg of new form, fertilized by the new spark of Her Light, gives birth to that energy — spaceless energy — that is God. Why? So that together Goddess and God can continuously create — give birth to — All That Is. Together. Together, we would suggest, because the Goddess has no desire to be the singular authority. She has no desire to have singular supremacy or to be singularly supreme. She has no desire to be absolute. She does want to work together. She always does. In the context of your language, and thus in the context of your time, the Goddess first created God so that God with Goddess could create All That Is.

Comparing Women in The Bell Jar and Enormous Changes at the Last Minute

Independent Women in The Bell Jar and Enormous Changes at the Last Minute      Ã‚  Ã‚   The women's movement was in full swing in America in the sixties. These were the women who were escaping from their kitchens, burning their bras, and working in careers that were traditionally male-oriented, while at the same time demanding payment equal to men's salaries. In her essay: What Would It Be Like if Women Win, Gloria Steinem has many thoughts on the ways feminism could change this country and what the society would be like if her changes were made. An interesting change she is looking to make involves sexual hypocrisy: "No more sex arranged on the barter system, with women pretending interest, and men never sure whether they are loved for themselves or for the security few women can get any other way" (Steinem, Takin' it to the Streets, 476). This new attitude can be found in much of the literature of the sixties. Specifically, in two of the books we have read, women authors have projected this concept of a "new sexual women" into their characters.    The main character in Sylvia Plath's novel, The Bell Jar, could be the spokesperson for all of Steinem's ideas. Esther Greenwood breaks all of the traditional rules that a female in her time should have been following. Esther is a bold and independent woman. Which makes Buddy Willard, he... ...or this reason, and not just because her mother wants to serve her husband, that she delivers them. She is not willing to be a servant.    The women authors of the sixties incorporate many ideas of the feminine movement into their works. Their characters are strong and independent. They make bold choices, like their creators, and that is what makes them interesting.    Works Cited Bloom, Alexander and Wini Breines, eds. Takin' it to the Streets. Oxford University Press, New York, 1995) Paley, Grace. Enormous Changes at the Last Minute. Farrar, Strauss, and Giroux, New York, 1974. Plath, Sylvia. The Bell Jar. Harper and Row, New York, 1971.   

Digital and Analog TV Essay

On February 17, 2009, the Congress of the United States mandates the full shift to digital television transmission. The law is perceived to bring several benefits to the US viewing public. Broadcast frequency bands will be available mainly for public safety purposes, for example, police and fire department concerns. Remaining portions of the old TV broadcast spectrum can be offered for technologically advanced applications such as wireless broadband. The use of digital-capable television sets allows American viewers more choices of what programs to watch, since digital broadcasts can accommodate so much more programs (Federal Communications Commission, 2008). The law is not expected to be received openly by the television viewing public, 100 percent. Since it leaves them no choice but to convert millions of TV sets from analog to digital and give up the true fidelity that analog audio signals offer. This paper aims to point out the differences of digital and analog TV. By doing so, advantages and disadvantages of each can be compared and the individual viewer can make a better choice. Robert Silva (2008) lists differences between analog TV and Digital TV. He says these these differences lie mainly in the manner of transmitting broadcasts, signal content within a bandwidth in the broadcast spectrum, and the ability to broadcast in widescreen (16Ãâ€"9) format. Transmission Analog television transmission is based on and started after World War II with black and white broadcasts. It complied with the US analog TV standard known as NTSC. After several years, color broadcasting was introduced and accommodated under the NTSC system. The video is transmitted through the AM radio band while audio is transmitted through the FM band. The reception quality depends on the distance from the television station transmitters and obstacles in between. The farther away from the transmission station the TV reception is more prone to ghosting and other video disturbances. Although analog transmission can accommodate all the technicalities of high fidelity reception, the assigned bandwidth to a television channel restricts and limits broadcast quality. Digital TV is based on modern digital technology. It was designed for BW and color broadcasts as well as audio. It handles information in the same manner as computers: on (with a binary value of â€Å"1†) or off (with a binary value of â€Å"0†). Digital broadcasts allow viewers to see uniform reception quality regardless of the distance from the transmitter. Either the digital television receives the broadcast or the TV screen remains blank (it does not receive anything at all). Signal Content Digital TV broadcasts can accommodate complete video, audio, and other information signals within the same bandwidth. Furthermore, digital television can accommodate advances in technology like High Definition (HDTV) signals. In contrast, analog TV broadcast can only send limited traditional video signals. Format The development of wide screen format programming allows the broadcast of the 16Ãâ€"9 format. Today, widescreen LCD television are getting more popular; but still expensive. It offers the advantage of portraying on the TV screen wide footages of events without the camera lens distortion caused by distances. Furthermore, the widescreen image occupies the whole digital television screen. On the other hand, analog television sets will show widescreen images with portions on top and below blacked out. The widescreen format may not be important to the regular TV viewer. For millions of television watchers, the old analog screen is good enough. Conclusion Paul Wotel (2008) gives an objective assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of both digital and analog television. Some people may opt for the old traditional analog equipment such as phones while others prefer the cordless digital phones. If you want sound fidelity, he recommends the old phones. For more advanced applications, such as the PABX systems, he recommends a digital system. The same reasoning may be applied to television sets. However, the present situation requires new priorities which did not exist before. Today, there is much concern on security and priority is given to police and fire department communications. By requiring television stations to convert to digital transmission, most of the broadcast bandwidth can be assigned to security applications. The advantages of digital television allow the viewing public to benefit from the information age we find ourselves in. Digital television can also take advantage of the internet which has become part of the lives of many, particularly the young generation. Considering the continuing evolution in information and entertainment technology we just have to follow the trend – out with old, in with the new.

Organic vs. Industrial Food Essay

Have you ever been standing in the grocery store, undecided on whether there really is a difference between the standard store brand ribeye steak and the organic, grain fed, free range ribeye that costs twice as much? Ever had little devil on one shoulder telling you one thing, and the angel on the other convincing you the devil is wrong? Is cost the only thing holding you back from shelling out a few extra sheckles for the more expensive steak? Have you heard about the health benefits of eating organic? Then maybe it is time you learned about the true benefits of organic food. In doing so, it may just change your life and blow your mind. Eating industrial foods can cause a bevy of health issues today, such as exposure to toxins, as well as leading to diabetes and heart disease, and choosing to eat organic foods instead will help to resolve those issues. While organic foods are thought to be quite a bit more expensive than the standard, this is not always the case. One article quotes â€Å"Your local food markets will often have lower prices on organic food items than traditional grocery stores. (Lotich, 2010, para 1). You have to take into consideration that in this day and age, almost any meal that you eat has an organic alternative, or can be prepared by using all organic ingredients. In knowing this, you may actually find that there are a number of other ways that you may go about saving some money, while incorporating organic foods into your daily diet. One of those things you can do is make yourself aware of the various farms that are putting out organic foods. Most folks think that organic foods are all produced by small, family owned farms. As I very recently found out, some of the most successful organic farms are very large and on a global scale. Take Earthbound Farms for example. They are a very successful and very large farm, consisting of over 30,000 acres. Their website states â€Å"We’ve been farming for more than 25 years now, and we’ve become the country’s largest grower of organic produce, committed to being a catalyst for positive change in our kitchens and our environment (Earthbound Farm, 2012, para 4). Buying from this company not only promotes eating healthier, but also supports a company that is looking out for the environment as well. Not only are some of the most successful organic farms gigantic and global, but so are some of the enormous corporations that buy organic food (Whole Foods, Wal-Mart, Safeway and Kroger’s). That being said, if you can research and recognize some of these brands, what at first glance may seem like big-box packaging may indeed turn out to be a cost efficient and healthy organic alternative to what one may typically buy in stores today. Thus it turns out, eating organic may not be as expensive as we first thought. In conjunction with steps such as planning your meals ahead of time, organic food just may actually be cheaper overall than industrial foods in many instances. Planning meals ahead of time is a smart move. I recently read that â€Å"When you have a detailed shopping list and go to the store with a plan, you’re much less likely to splurge on extras or expensive instant meals. And when you have a firm plan in place, and the food has already been purchased, you won’t end up wasting money in the drive thru spending your money on overpriced fast food (James, 2008, para 2). This is an issue that I think most of us face from time to time. Being smart can help reduce these unnecessary costs. It is important for consumers to really research organic foods and the cost benefits of choosing to go that route. You can end up eating better, as well as saving money. The healthy benefits of eating organic are yet another good reason to choose an organic diet. Recent studies have shown that â€Å"The published literature lacks strong evidence that organic foods are significantly more nutritious than conventional foods. Consumption of organic foods may reduce exposure to pesticide residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. † (Novella, 2012) That being said, the same studies do show that eating organic foods does reduce the reduce exposure to pesticide residues and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The EPA states that â€Å"consumers are looking to organically grown and produced foods as a way to reduce exposure to synthetic pesticides (U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2012). That certainly is a reason to make the switch. Also, if you are planning meals as aforementioned, and buying ingredients for those meals fresh, as opposed to meal mixes and processed industrial foods, then you are also in control of the amounts of fats, sugars, and such that are in your meals. This is also a healthier option. Taking control of what you eat is important. I imagine most people want to control what they put in their bodies, and eating organic foods can help you do just that. Without eating organic foods, you can run the risk of leaving yourself open to all kinds of diseases and other health issues. All in all, the evidence seems mounting in favor of converting to a healthier lifestyle. Eating organic food seems like both a smart, and strong way to making the transition. It is easier than exercising, and in most cases, would probably provide a better feeling in the long run. â€Å"The American College of Sports Medicine advises adults to do moderately intense cardio exercise for 30 minutes a day, five days a week or do vigorously intense cardio for 20 minutes a day, three days a week to stay healthy (Kunz, 2011, para 2). Exercising is important as well, but if you are eating the wrong foods, all of your hard work may be for not. So think about making the switch to organic foods. Starting off small can lead to big changes for you and your loved ones. Bibliography Earthbound Farm. (2012, December 6). The Earthbound Story. p. 2012. James, B. (2008, November 20). Five Benefits of Planning Meal Menus for Your Household. Yahoo! Voices, p. 1. Kunz, M. (2011, October 19). Does Exercise Offset Unhealthy Eating? Exercise & Eating Healthy, p. 1. Lotich, B. (2010, December 28). 10 Easy Ways To Save Money On Organic Food. US News, p. 1. Novella, S. (2012, Sept. 05). No Health Benefits from Organic Food. Science-Based Medicine, p. 1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2012, December 6). Pesticides and Food. Pesticides: Health and Safety , p. 1.

Insurance Need for Workers and Citizens within the Drilling Zone Term Paper

Insurance Need for Workers and Citizens within the Drilling Zone - Term Paper Example This paper illustrates that the Texas Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that the death of oil workers increased by 3.2 percent for the period between 2008-2012, to a total of 545. The Houston Chronicle reported that Texas had the highest deaths at 216. The oil and natural gas industry in Texas faces challenges where insurance partners and energy companies will be forced to adapt for them to benefit from emerging opportunities, as well as the changing landscape. Recently, changing relationships, technological advances and global demand have turned natural gas and oil resources that were previously inaccessible into lucrative opportunities. However, it is evident that opportunities bring about risks that have to be prevented or accounted for by the companies. The companies exploiting these new opportunities increase the potential risks of incurring heavy losses. The subsequent strategic, reputational and financial consequences for the companies involved can be significant. As a result, natural gas and oil companies should focus on the price as well as the quality of their insurance cover. Insurance is an efficient tool for mitigating loss and transferring risk. There are various risks that Texas oil exploration industries face which should be covered with insurances. According to Amirbekyan & Stylianos, oil and natural gas fracking activities pose risks to human health. During the fracking process, approximately 600 chemicals are used to drill out natural gas including known carcinogens and toxicants such as radium, methanol, lead, uranium, mercury, formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid. Natural gas producers engage in activities that have a negative effect on the health of the people and drinking water. The extraction and production of natural gas contaminates water and releases poisonous gases into the atmosphere.

American Beer Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American Beer Market - Case Study Example US sales and market shares are shown in the following: Bud Light has seen a 2% growth in 2008 which is greater than other light beer competitor. The brand still remains as the top-selling beer in global terms. Growth drivers include rising market share in Mexico which went up 27% in 2008 and made the brand Mexico's No.1 light beer brand. This was due to the equity investment made by the company to the Grupo Modelo S.A.B. de C.V. which has 56% of the Mexico beer market. In Canada, sales volume went up by 30% due to innovative marketing strategies and sponsorships of popular teams in the National Hockey League like the Toronto Blue Jays. Anheuser-Busch has also set its eyes in China's emerging and burgeoning market. A production facility has already been established in the country where the main product to be made was Bud Lite. The company has also teamed up with China's oldest and largest brewery, Tsingtao. In October of 2007, owners of Miller and Coors announced a joint venture to try to unsettle the behemoth Anheuser-Busch which had 51% of the total beer market. Miller commands 18% while Coors has 11%. The said merger entitled Miller to a 52% economic interest while the rest is to Coors. The joint-venture, MillerCoors, was expected to benefit from an estimated $500 million from the integration of its distribution system and market shares.